The arena of the Colosseum is the central platform or surface of the amphitheater where, in Roman times, public spectacles such as gladiator combats, hunts with wild animals (venationes), and public executions took place. Main features: • Shape: elliptical • Original dimensions: approximately 86 x 54 meters • Function: stage area for shows, separated from the public by a high wall for safety reasons • Hypogeum: underground system under the arena, used for the transport of animals, machinery and gladiators via trapdoors and freight elevators... • Completed: Around 80 AD under his son, Emperor Titus • Capacity: Estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators • Purpose: Hosted gladiator contests, animal hunts (venationes), public spectacles, and mock sea battles (naumachiae) Historical Significance: • A symbol of Roman engineering and imperial power • Reflects Roman society’s focus on entertainment, spectacle, and order • Declined after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and was later used .