The Pyramids of Giza are a group of three ancient pyramids located on the Giza plateau near Cairo, Egypt. They were built during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt, approximately 4,500 years ago. The three pyramids are named after the pharaohs who had them built: Khufu (Cheops), Khafre (Chephren), and Menkaure (Mycerinus).

The Pyramids of Giza were originally covered in smooth white limestone, which gave them a bright, shining appearance. However, much of the limestone was removed over the centuries and used for other building projects, leaving the pyramids with their current rough, weathered appearance.

The Sphinx, a statue of a mythical creature with the head of a human and the body of a lion, is located near the Pyramids of Giza. The statue is believed to have been built during the reign of Khafre, and it is thought to have been carved from a single piece of limestone.